Newspapers / The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, … / Oct. 27, 1815, edition 1 / Page 1
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-s Wo ; ' ceoffraphjeal view of them which baa yet been RALEIGH, (N. C.) " pob&l,ed.tfn(bat-U by no meadr Sufficiently printed, weekly, Br ALEX.ucAs. particular exact for tbepurpoae of busjneaa. i i:rfi C Mivscnvnuit .- u-v- ...... j---, to U? pwa in auvance. ii'v.." wvw..--- . mnntha aftr avear's subscription be- - ewe uae, and notice thewiot batl haw been given,- tiismmit, ntexceeilinjr 14 lines, are insrtcdtbrice ! 'loiiar, una lor tweniy-iive cems ?ui. the payment of at least ! 5i in advance to- t?re 11 tri ,i 'Greater numb of" line than fourteen.; Ko subscription can in'jy case be recalled wrtaout Arts iind Sciences, Foreign, TRAK8LATEB FOR XHB COLUMBIAN. Report to the king on the internal situation of France, on the relations with foreign arttries mtn respect to oraerand yncijication by trie minister ' oj 'general police. p SmE The ravarei of Frline r(i xf. their llpiwlit tk nllt(l rinwurj iloilrnu an1 Vluvat. i.,iMihfHi rt f Vin)otvrniJ.. .Ri i. John Ale- i ..'. . . .. i ' cy " , -r 's . j , 1 . - in'juaiion to nope lor, Itie inhabitan s are -ii fc for puraams, ? very extensive ajaW, u-1filefwi.th iba wretefeed, whoin there to aeek lp isot-publiauipg anil . elljog mapf, Charts, ft ,a,t M ttmth; j, are ftbout to an I aeoaraphitfal M urks 1 hi, as a separate . ,t.i!.M.jn;1l,.ili -k...i,-M f branch of business, is altogether' net in ihi fonnt ry, and eanaot lai I to Dtf of; great- piibl ic Hiiiiij j r,-zj with tftat:lrto (if excellent engrstyfiw, at Wiila ; ftTpfcj w-Uai p!aRa tpS MelrC: br theit-taate aut!1 skiUsplafed lo tK' pute- rong bank jjutea which they have cngrarwi within a few years, He-ta thus enabled to com bine, i;i his gfographieat fttitopograpliical publications, great, celerity7 witb ejeganee and general manner of his future publications, Jie has jast published an excellent map of the itatte of Ohio, from a late actual survey, by Uoah anil Boufue, on a scale of five miles to an tneti. Tt wiIlT5co1inpanleirBy a statistical account oi me state oi umo. no lancer to tha vninie nf nnv iifhrifv nnt this war, undertaken to nssiira the triutnnh of raoaeration aim justice, Will squat the barbae ii y ,-jf ose laiaita ouwt rtMt iiiva ;.lona" "irbose." liato'rj caaaot be recollected without hdrror. ' " The allied powers have proe.alr.ed their doc trine too loudly for us nossiblr to doubt their nmgnanhuity l What benefit can be drawn no more uonus oi taitu between nations r vv oua thevrotard tha rfiftonniliatinn nf JRiirnnft wifli Franco ? One of the views ef the sovereigns would appear to be to strengtksn your maiostf'a eompromittt I by the state of im potency to Which al treat vthpr will th An nn morn difTipultv The sovereigns perhaps do not fullyobaerve in ituM cuiuarrusuienis ana wnat ousirucuona thpV tllaee 111 nnl thfiti'ialvoa ' Wo atinnlrt hmri J I .wv.bv.wv. . i j t"vv.v u m T t need of good order to second tl.eni,aiid of their er.!?aU-?.8!iapiia8 mil gooa oraer. w omi the? liave gaeriiic.c-a who remiirfc rt tlArninlnpv iimuio r yroriani purpose xne auinoriry m ujnjesiy must oe iuji ana entire, coin ing is possible, nothing practicable, if peace, . " "fl v ie5i provisiouauy ,-unu scourgci Let q tentioaio their interests. When nJverv ihim Utejyasted around their armiesj1 lidw shall fflaaeattering the troops ? All the arms away i irom me r rencu peo- b,v5'?Srni becomes murderous in the n xtxtrcr, M Witb rt-jnect to eonlriau that ii had. - Rnol. i.'li.. We hare been brought vd uILS'9'' become famUiarwitf fi,!!Catede the one aiderand the 75 nut ' amid the Jtorma ind UuTSSSfl!? w4d;.havVprovedikS law, ierer aVis ta - " HiiVuwij ": irqj severe a. 9 JU9llC6 finn maV 1 l being at : peace, we experience all the Nothing has occurred, in the ILZi f 'V th?m' ,o .Lelr i.1-re.... ;Wh.; .Vary .U.. ,L!,t 3 S !! ' ft yguhat ntriy aacrificea should theji a.i4 .p ii i chilis ma mi ui aiiuiva, uisci- pline onle relaxed is hard to be re-established. Gf rmS5l Vi nn rnnm ta vnrt lin 'tlmt nflnp a KloriitKl cauunaifii. mIia will brinp bask her Y i r 0, . ,. 0 , - jsoldiers errupted by a spirit of liaentiouiness, ranrif flnrf nillnvo . 11 vai tli n v!i r ( a tia. " , , tT o """S"!)- r.i r") auiuor oi war. We hast ti-l m " tingntsbtnlrwarfromothers7tnileado ing, surpass tiff, even in France," the excesses 'upon our in.lutrv v i i J' " iitr. .;"i - :.rr;rii,n-wi,ich win ted q V r"u: we Kow that in the Uni d State, i .ta. beeu tried on-U ha, beeu ora long, and xtM, u. ag exactly as .fit had been made on purpose for ... '!.: : , a Ker a Question ""V. " "9.10U- -reu-w,enier eur republic eTull Sd but thee doubts have beeir M. t Wt. What rtnniinrh .-.J ! .. -. .I- vear of lik.k ' n . UBM iniriy sucft yeara or Jioerlv anil liani.i.-.. .i.. ' . numbers ? We- have hii too, a Jef.Von Z l t " J.J' r.. . n v . . - , , , . . "'"j nave rcuueau n. lis power is oven reaver I fin fIIrt(vm' ifv oil lift nrpspnt sf i f r nf f Iia -. . i: l' .l. . a i. i .. . ---a .,w cu WUI0US y ine eyU8 0I vvnien it seems local-ge-raphyf the several states may be the aceomplice, became It cannpt hinder them. useful to many of our readers. ' Your majesty signed the treaty of May 3 a Jassaft$rtKrf.Yae..Separatemap9 of au ally, and war is waced aarainft jou ia aa them were published a few years ago, by Crl - j neJ.. the inost direct. ton. TThey are correct as far as they go, but The sovereigns know the state of knowledge, not well engraved. - . in France 5 no reasoning, no species of defect, Aew-mmpsfnreWo understand that au jtio kind of ineonsistei.ee oacapas the penatra excellent map of this state, by Carragan, on altionof this pe'ople-although humbled by ne- svutc ui iincGmiics ,uhu iucd.u nowurcnarti(lrrsiir. tow o . i Ji .nri Hoa .,- iniiPHiinn . k . r .. . ior publication. Connecticut There is a very fine map of warren anu o. Uillet, on a scale of two and a half miles to an inch. This must not be eou founded with Damerum's map, which, tho' later and sufiUfciently commodious, is much inferior. Rhode-Island.-There is small map of this state hut there should be a better one, espei aially of its sea-board. Vermont There are several bad maps of Vermont. Whiielaw's, though not well en- jravecij is pretty good. your majesty performed for the interest of the . . ! powers arid ior peace wftalever aependeU on - IT. .-. n . . ... . , .. pvircu aim ii ucdcc wiiaiever uepenueu oi ibis state, and well engraved, from T an actual I your efforts f Bonaparte has been not only dis survey, under state authority, in 1812. bv M. I iosiimrl. Ui ,s i . th v.;. possessed, bnt is i.i the hands oHhellies ; his finiily too are iu their power, since they aro on their territory. The chambers have been dis solved, and speedily there will be-4none in nub lie functions but friends of peace and duty. The BonapartisTs were feared, though none of t'lem can be dangerous any more jour"iaaje3 ty, in the meaii time, having granted every thing on this po?int which the executive conlll require ! . , ' " ' If, having eonqucred France, it be pretended . i. i .i . i ;V - . i i . v . , ; . . """"jji. ' o nave lost t VMin against which the aavereigna took up arms-! which might have been filled with iUXj that be aatished i e ; 1 1ms was not the fault of the plan of goi-ernmeni Thnir fAftTV .n.W niran have done wlkterer thev have desired and onJ Men enuallr fnni.ui. J . , ""'c"1- Ifieir auJe ofall that they announced V the been, and lor the most have he,ornT world, l it aneompliahed on a smile point ri Ihrones. Ths mm. .i.. i..A.. " Hfl '' ' -i wi-." m ' m r nnu nine ucea sue- What a contraebetweea their perfarmauce and cessful demagogues iVoiiri-awMie. mieht hflVft v i. v """",,,Bl twr.r in a monarchy. 1 et atlvr 7 (noli ii i i . ll flft victims we linve iMiverfd Knmnn frnm il twice.. Tis not in foreign countries, it is in trance, that terror always-troubled his repose, and spite of his 'power he eould. never render il. . . t a - ma war nauonai- instriimMils are not aceesso- a? y- , "? ,,a,,"o cunnucreu France, uoe pretenuea ii i . i ","i'' . . i.cinains to nurusti ner. tins laucua3 .1r,"!?rtVe r"- PfPared untler the ihspec- iCwhieh ought not. tot listened to ultet the .. . . " " bu. proiestt4i.tt.ti nent, wm aaiiaec ci .uHii.cu, in pan, irom oaa materials, and can not be highly recommended.' It contains severe! errors of importance. The minute features of the topography of the country, its iqountams, smaller streams, &c. are much neglected, and the civil divisions of tha statu hnvn hoan . - v MVVU U ktfWU ueai auereu, since me dale oi this survey. There is an excellent map, on a large scale, by Saulthier, (1774,) which, for the then settled part of the state, (from Lake George to the, sea,) is admirable, and well ! My a map, f twenty miles round the citv of IVew-YorL-. ic nott ami : - i cci.-, tfuyr S)j oi ine npper part.ofthe atate, is eowonicnt, andsnili. ciently accurate for ordinary purposes. But it becomes this niunificent stale to take , measures for a far more minute and perfect geographical survey than it has yet had. If this charge were cotinded to the eorps of engiuet rs, or the seieti tihe professors of the military academy at West Joint, New-York might, at an expense com paratively trifling, boast of a survey, we confi dently say; not inferior to those of Mudge, Uea- jd, .oriyaHanCey--: - --3J.. '.V w-Jers.-By Watson four miles-to an cif moaS soInn promises! This is the age of rCAaea and jjstice, and never has public opin ion bad greater influence. Wnat ean aaeount for afHictions sa excessive, after promises ef sa Ciuch mot'eratrm ? Thn nrpupnl vr ! hffii commenced' tomaintain the eause of legitima cy is thw niar.aerof condnctin? the war adan- ted 6 render jiur majesty's authority more sa- crcu r 1 ne HI IPS rMinlv((1 fn ilnllirnnn nnrl n. - . ' " . . V '.kbl.l .'1.. U U Jill nish hint who fcade a snnrt nf tfio raUmitiM nf i.anuns sua tni y exercise on submissive France the same violeiee, the same inhumanity. ( All Europe though that the entry uf the aovereigns 1:2.0 Fans woud finish the warf what will thuy thnk on laming that it was only then the extravagances of oppression began, witliout .battles and wilhont resistance." The distresses which they noraid us for having brought an other couutrieshave never been so great ; never at least they did not take place when the em ploy merit of a r!,vies had no loneer anv o ther h- jeet; a-ad if it-were true that we had given r'K fl All PVtimilU ml nlm.f. nf ' ...L they io imitate it, since they iroputeiTloi us as a ciiwe f They weir know in the north, they Ksc n ,tfg s j a, m h at e nergv and anblis spirit nous deliberation pn all its eoiiseoueneeJi.r ' . Wl ' "l'An produced in our ene Wherefore would thev nm:ih U t ft,P'Bt.,n,fB- eollIl, be e l the evils of , .... - --1 to expiate tUe ambition of a single man f th evils which it Ima .,1 1 3 V humanity si.altcrnate vencoanee became a r:ht of war; f. nations never die. 0 Will your majesty permit me to insist on a concluding considera,tion ? So lone as France it navn any tningto, nrcsprvB whilst lm snail clienih hones oi siitinino Kolr n 1 " .... ..... iiani. na national i dy, no sacrifice will be impossible to I. . I I . I I n . '. . ' . . . ten Is are nut ae..n.'. . .7-' . "-"-," ,u,F"m ries-and who i iMorVnttfiat he. who Tr,ieM cer' anU Uie 8cnem68. ol au cqnitable poiicjf despotic power always finds in the multitude a ?K,7fet f 'f, , ' hfn' !.... , . . . . . ... V lnhabitanfa Iiall Iirtb lnt I1 ...:- trce sumo.ient to make hitu be obeyed ? We aro reproached with his successes. TIipv ro. taliate sulficienlly bv onr reverses. What im age brought the news of victory .to France if it 7 " " m h au shall !ie completed, we shall see a new order of things ciiuaience, a new series; of events, be cause there will be aeiiher covernm'ent, nor obe ui!..i -1 110 . 7 uicncc niiau inrj snail sueeeed to resisna- is not that of the conscriptions, winch theaword!? ,esin of war went to reap anew ? We have sav.d 1 t,0.n 5 . . Hale. 1,0 eounciKktjronr.dea V.-. .-,.-1 - uuvv r nave saved :nni,-.hv ... ",--4 ourselves iijce all Kurope,Jiythe same woes and f.7 ' - , J -T . " uutu. 8'o FS misfortunes V " c wr Pn piuage ; every step oi the ' the army: Waubmiited to vonr majesty, but'pi'30!'7 fl bf stained with blood itstill exists. We might to explain iUr;elvea.n,e;-,U VC ,388 !,an,e ' Jwt?: with frankness on .thfa .'-head Jwl,il ilJl I!! 1 fidit,iat U1 others to destroy her. that exists it ert l,P ntizi ,JU t. momept .appte aeies r Already is the nati.nal aTi'd'nnriHS IVnhilTir rit' cf J'rr.Wt taking this frightful direction : a fusion ouu umuc uuiiniiMiiy, its state oi union, far :z i- 0 . r " '.... 1..' 1 . -.. " .is lurmmff amnnm nnriiMe tK mci nnw.cWa evit, prevents miae 1 ef-frnmUr.. . P. . "w -n , irom &eiri2 an n 11 i 11 11 1 ii lit" i i- 1 11 rn r I L' I. 11 1 n m.i . n II. 1 . . ' . ' ' V,V "V -T l" u,c -;iher colors nearer thoSM of t r.n Whi .... i uie peopie, win not tie dangerous when nnrt M;;i i,A loft . . , ' .'. it i . ... i UtSri, Will -06- iPIt . vnnr mflAdtv Imf t.i rotirn V 'i -f . - - - j ,- (iimivhi wiit iu aw -. w , II 111 til . llllHIlAllll Kl.wi a... II a. a. .. T 1. doti their places, and the armies, of the iovcr south-Carolina, Georgia, Kmtuckin "ff haTe "0 good maps. Mr. Mcli w there is a good map of Georgia in to, i ahaufd be published. It would ish Htu'les i MS. if Vhti Kl.d.I.A Ti. 1 ,f 'ii nn., .1. fiumucu. x rouia weu re- P&y the expense. OAioHowgh and Bourne, inst nublUl.n.i f ,uu"i " . . " ti ...i . . ftanTri!Mr"B-iLRfoa has published a good 2ePttl h V l0Wer. Pwt of t,ie stale 11 i viort Ar not 'bandsnmelv engraved. The in our i 'YC88rSJ Dftr'Tn(l linger, anaouiiccd ' III Proba'y add much to Tbori-raP aLkn,"v,e(158Jf this alftte. 8odn,5n re'lne', hav l".B.riianuteripta oneaure.Mtlal ' "SirTeJTn Tranuscril,t ".f tji miwl SnulleT? "'fiicesofgoicrnmeBt. - J general map presents 'the only good eigns then be within the hold of ; Dili villll aU freed from all social obligations A of thirty millions may disappear from.the earth, umi in u-is war oi man against man, more than i. .j.-ijii . .. i . . . i ..... vuc ujissu win eneiose togeiiier Doin victora and TauijUUII oil. Pennsylvania. By . HowelU-tfto original on a scale of five miles to aa incli The same re - fluced ttrien milea tolLa Inch lioth are" ve"ry good and distinctly fcngraved, but by ' agjaeaiia o minute aatto the physical geography of the country, or so magnifieeht in W-eutiou, as this opulent and most important state ought to pos'- MtrylaniiandDehivare.--U Griffith. Five HJilt'S to an ineha wn.i . ii;!iir?rtVrr'Sinaly aurveyed by the late iSaopAladiaon, ajid improved lv others. This Hne 8ixaheei.Biaprand altowtherone of ucery neat atate maps; certainly the best of tbase of the.great states. "orinvaroltna.- -Surveyed in 18t2 bv VrCi7i 'a- . " . 1 V'-L Wm' i.u"rHW - "e Ieei,n58 ormose wlio are per- "U Strothei-verv ood inV., ? '? " " the dtsposit.rm, such theierminntion petuaily crying about the dangers we are to ap- a Air Mf-ii) ufi iou I t i " ttHHcipaiioiuor.f.-oiu M at poruon o tliu,! which has sought a V i,ir' ,,t".s'' stales unknown- n aim ? Tt s tit AmA ,..rrr..T-.: . Lr. i.ki- , , . . . ? r... .l iiii . " ;.: "5 """ Ruures, iromwuai tuey iieemen bi ityj.Miere is no blmd obedience in France.- i the tyranny ' of the covernments of ihfiir aW. I Iw powers have hitherto unfo'Ided none of; tries. That there ia a feeline towards the ln:ee it ia a n q i IVx P ' .1 . ! l...iL . l e . i . . : . 1' 1 ? uut u v tact the. conclusion of the"war"slia!l people the means of resuming their occupations and their habits ; but before that moment, fer- mew an,,,, IS Dqt yet extinguished, nor obedience established : the mixture of soldiers with niii. zeus could not but throw aa am. - - .... . tiiiuuoi iwin to the tlaine it is too painful to reflect that such iBj.oie ui uungs snouiu nave no other sriuree :han the terror of some (abine.ts. On the o pinUui they entertain of the siiuatioh of France, depends whether all their desires should hTaC complishe.oVoiT'here inh Sacrifice to which an enlihtenTaeop'e will not submit, if thev iinuiu ii my uit-uiis ui jireveniuig greater evils S7ie.fr ia X-.t. (liitiwiti.... u..,.i. Yi,l .Vrii li:- Political. ,J?flOM THE NEW YORK COURIER Voveizner$.- con&a-inSve never been a bfe-Ho ailApt the feelirfffs of tho- wlurnr nr. their designs i no one cart form an idea nf -l,t is to be done, either of the government, or Ike authority of your ttihjeatvror'of-thtf fllttife."'" Anxiety and doubt, are at their height, and every thing appears a subject of terror in "this obspority but a single word, and all the dis positions of men's minds woii.d be changed, There should be n,j obslacle to nuy. measure3, if it formed cart of a '.srcneral nln thfli'aK 111! ll er pi us whol? seop some encouragement far ..vv.. ; ,M nm;. reiiii9 ueign men to exiddin liemsen'. Why would' lliov ppf..an this act of justice ? J, t thun condescend to eomliine ait their I'WRaVfts sy. miiir enmlH of the nnie(iies -' the teo'.fc. and let 1 1 ii p (. Cession ta ail iLcir Vic-.: make part of amctu- Of Olie 8 Urth. u llirll iKn drnrimr.,l la warmed by, ia certainly true. But that the U. mares pesent adrarifageiranil eoliFeTblessriigs upon their citizens, no vthere else lo be found iu such Ubiiudanee", is equally un,deiiiahle7 " A little labour, with a little frugality, will support any family. If diligence aud iugeiiuily he su peradded, every man may possess himself of a decent and certain eompelency., The climate is healthy, the, soil fertile, and lire riches of the ocean are before us. In tha U. States no man need Lc poor. Our laws are regular, temperate, aud with hardly an exception, inteUigen.Iynnd honestly administered. We have , the liberty of doing evpry thing we please, good or had ! And ;ve have rir enough to punish every thing v i j "L iimi iu a monarchy. i et alter 7 aueh vpr renA r , anu JflieSiIon, our liber.ics nra untouched, and, the atamina of vu, i.twivniy i.nexr.aaated. What an illnatra Hon of the excellence of our government, and the resources of our country ! This republic ia free it is rk actio able PvZVJIU.T t0 ,,e,ieve tll!lt il will b PERMANENr It -u therefore, that 1 am a republican ; net in the sense iu which the slans whangera of jacobinismnse the word. A ro verament so excellent, if it had the first Ta lenta of thenation ntn. in .j..i oi ita attairs, would be alwavs as prosperous aa it is free..- I wish i :.. i. . " : uiru in ailiuu- ntyr .and therelore it ie l ..... i.. . j'.j- ' I cannot beiieve in th statesmen, Who enacted an embargo, which paralized ouriadustry and enterprise: but produced no be- Who, abaudoniaar their einliarn. nptiJ , tin n ltt O ,5 ..yu-1ulCil;U11;H', equally repressive of our fner" giea, equally destructive of our iK teresfs.en ua! ly unavailing jn its rasjmlts v Who recurred agaifa to embargo, and again abandoning embargo, tried non-intercourse once more, and tneF rmhrnvn a.., n . p0ge , avj huiu) ait tu uu pur- Who rushed, unprepared into a ruinous and foohah war, from which, after loading the na tion with debla and taxes, they were happv to escape with the loss of Moose Island. 1 am a. republican it is true. I wish to live ana die a freeman. nnA tn i.Q.,c.,.:f i-u.. . . r delight in, fb my children. But I must con- ream its ATI 1 . . . . . . V " HMmuity, tnat 1 could never make out, that 1 ou?ht th a-a i ' . v" muse, who did not admire the authors of a-un-bof.ia: (mK0P ; goes npn-interoUrsej war, debtsV and taxes. And I remain aliil of opinion, that a man may very well be a Republican, without eilher being himself a fool, or tha admirer and supporter of fools. But I entreat, nevertleless, the charity and indnlgemrgof those, whohae risen to aucli a knowledge of 'the sublime pviiples demo cratic rt pubijeatjism, as to J.oIJ a different doc trine. ' . . .To such a land of plenty, of liberty, of Jaw, of security, .eomea the or...Aftbo:!i coneeoed that he exnnot love-it with the it is aame tenderness of devotion, s a native : still he lmdsn ,t CVftrf IhTngangeran deairel ine place of his own birth, it aboa he Ihe country f the nativity of hia chil Here he ia id rest his hopes r here he is a free n? d npi.fnl lit' . .f i. t.: I v. v . . .no , aim uci c ll is f.-- 'I .. .'...'!''...'. If not Comes dren. to live dust is to miiie with ours. In the Country of his adopition, is his grave to be moistened by . M..lu,i.u i j,j .mii principle ot human impulse it, (hat such a man shall bo pittvented Irom devolint himseH' to th TTnlta;! States ? Certaiiilv etgner." Why should hn f 1V hpif4r t..j in whicL (wheiher i it-lit or wrong, matters not) he thought himself oiAireised ? If he should er- er prove a traitor, ai;d 1 Brant he mav. it will not be, because he is fureig-ner," but he.-" cause he i a villain-. A ....... . .in, i.iv- name m Jienedict drnoldi&ius the pflge of our history, let ua he liberal Md vtilatnif have their origin in the corruption . uuniivT,' uuuiiiucuceu oy son or Cll uiatei . .": :'' ;- y?lL!fye;j)p.eneLpjjr.A0Jintry 4a fureiFt--When l,Hye (hey n, ib the 'hour of danirtT, rallied ruundjts standard ?. Who more ehtfwiai asticj, more niadfy onthofiiastic, than (hey ? Have thev erer ilereiverl. Iivbiii.a..a. td bs? Ila Benedict Arnold among them all, a 5ij,ic tirjirjauiiii iu luiuniy, f. r We -have opened our yo'untrv to them.. We. have made if easy for them to eco'in'' citizens. In tb?i fullest exltnt wn-have conferred upon them the capacities nf elech'ii and beinyr elect- ed. It is vhe coetrirp of tli nnii(ijf ;r. laws we hs-ve adnoleil (hat 1en tb ei nt'nu. turaliation is performed, it shall be for."-, Men from whenH' thev cime; i '
The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 27, 1815, edition 1
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